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英语高考 听力场景相关词汇与句型

阅读量:3676536 2019-10-22



1) 常见说话者之间的关系及相关关键词
 
对于人物职业和关系题,考生应特别注意说话者的用词及相互间的称呼,还要留意是否使用敬语,而且不同职业的人用语也不同,例如waitress会谈到menu,food,order,drink等词,下面列举一些常见的有关关系以及职业的关键词。
 
① teachers and students(师生之间)
 
关键词:
 
quit school 休学  make-up exam 补考
 
drop out 退学
 
exam(考试),
 
quiz(测验),
 
term paper(学期论文),
 
homework/assignment(家庭作业),
 
course/lesson(课程),
 
credit(学分);
 
② classmates(同学之间)
 
关键词:
 
student’s union(学生会),
 
student center(学生活动中心),
 
dormitory(学生宿合),
 
absent from school(缺课),
 
note(笔记);
 
③ librarian and student(图书馆员与学生之间)
 
关键词:
 
loan desk 借书处
 
library card 借书证
 
stacks 书库
 
periodical 期刊
 
circulation desk 借书处
 
journal 专业性刊物
 
library catalogue 图书馆的图书目录
 
fiction/novel(小说),
 
reference book(参考书),
 
reading room(阅览室),
 
magazine(杂志),
 
renew(续借),
 
due(到期);
 
④ shop assistant and customer(售货员与顾客)
 
关键词:
 
auction,sale 便宜货
 
selling season 畅销季节
 
dresser's 服饰店
 
fabric 织物,织品
 
marked price 标价
 
pattern 花纹、式样、图案
 
make ends meet 收支平衡
 
check-out stand 付款柜台
 
return purchase 退货
 
receipt 发票
 
one price 不还价
 
cash or charge? 付现金还是支票?
 
ready-made 成衣
 
Are you done? 就买这些吗?(也有“吃完了吗?”的意思)
 
bargain(讨价还价),
 
fashion(服饰),
 
receipt(收据),
 
cashier(收银员),
 
check-out stand(结账台),
 
department store(百货公司),
 
supermarket(超市),
 
discount(折扣),
 
cash(现金),
 
credit card(信用卡);
 
⑤ waiter/waitress and diner(侍者和客人)
 
关键词:
 
appetizer 开胃的菜或饮料
 
tray 餐盘
 
seasoning 调味
 
well-done 全熟的
 
rare 半熟的
 
buffet 自助餐(台)
 
cafeteria 自助餐厅
 
paper napkin 餐巾纸
 
May I take your order now? 您现在点菜吗?
 
We've jammed, 我们已经客满了。
 
May we have a table, please? 请给我们一张桌位好吗?
 
menu(菜单),
 
order(点菜),
 
food(食品),
 
dessert(甜点),
 
salad(沙拉),
 
soup(汤),
 
coffee(咖啡),
 
soft drink(软饮料),
 
wine(酒);
 
⑥ doctor and patient(医生和病人)
 
关键词:
 
pneumonia 肺炎
 
indigestion 消化不良
 
hepatitis 肝炎
 
first-aid kit 急救箱
 
tonsillitis 扁桃体炎
 
gauze 沙布
 
ulcer 溃疡
 
stethoscope 听诊器
 
itch,itchy 痒
 
inpatient department住院部
 
TB (tuberculosis)肺结核
 
wards 病房
 
burns 烧伤
 
inoculate 打预防针
 
strain 扭伤
 
give first-aid treatment 急救
 
fever(发烧),
 
catch a cold(感冒),
 
cough(咳嗽),
 
headache(头痛),
 
prescription(药方),
 
doctor(医生),
 
toothache(牙痛),
 
What’s the matter with you?(你哪不舒服?);
 
⑦ host/hostess and guest(主人和客人)
 
关键词:
 
invitation(邀请),
 
dinner(晚餐),
 
help yourself(自便),
 
delicious(美味的),
 
have a wonderful evening(过一个愉快的晚上);
 
2) 与时间、数字相关的常用词汇及表达方式
 
百hundred
 
千thousand
 
百万million
 
十亿billion
 
前天 the day before yesterday
 
后天the day after tomorrow
 
每隔一天every other day或every two days;
 
每天daily
 
每周weekly
 
每月monthly
 
每年annual/yearly
 
10年decade
 
100年century
 
提前5分钟 five minutes early/ahead of time/ahead of schedule, early by 5 minutes, etc.
 
推迟/迟到8分钟 eight minutes late/behind schedule, late by eight minutes, to be delayed/ postponed for eight minutes, etc.
 
美元dollar
 
美分cent
 
英镑pound
 
便士penny
 
欧元European dollar/euro
 
钞票bill
 
硬币coin
 
零钱change
 
$ 18.26 eighteen dollars twenty-six cents或 eighteen twenty-six
 
打折on sale/discount
 
六折at a 60 % discount
 
半价half price
 
两倍double
 
三倍triple
 
3)与容量、重量、长度相关的词汇
 
加仑gallon
 
品脱pint
 
盎司ounce
 
夸脱quart
 
磅pound
 
英尺foot/feet(pl.)
 
英寸inch
 
码yard 英里
 
mile
 
4) 校园
 
campus校园
 
dorm(dormitory)宿舍
 
student ID学生证
 
teaching building教学楼
 
dinning hall餐厅
 
clinic诊所,医务室
 
laboratory实验室
 
gym(gymnasium)体育馆
 
playground操场
 
registration注册
 
academic year学年
 
term/semester学期
 
teaching assistant助教
 
lecturer讲师
 
professor教授
 
freshman大一新生
 
sophomore大二学生
 
junior大三学生
 
senior大四学生
 
undergraduate本科生
 
graduate/postgraduate研究生 doctorate student博士生
 
full-time student全日制学生
 
required/compulsory course必修课 optional/elective course选修课 majors主修科目
 
major in主修
 
minors辅修科目
 
minor in辅修
 
credit hours学时
 
credits 学分
 
tuition 学费
 
research paper研究报告
 
teaching practice教育实习 graduate 毕业
 
thesis/essay/dissertation 论文 diploma文凭,毕业证书
 
bachelor’s degree学士学位 master’s degree硕士学位
 
doctor’s degree博士学位 quiz/test 小测验
 
mid-term exam期中考试 final期末考试
 
make-up exam补考
 
fail in the examination考试不及格 entrance exam入学考试 scholarship奖学金
 
5)图书馆
 
reading room阅览室
 
magazine杂志
 
publication出版物
 
periodical期刊
 
fiction/novel小说
 
latest issue新刊
 
current issue现刊
 
back issue过刊
 
reference room资料室
bibliography参考书目
 
stacks书库
 
book shelves书架
 
open-shelf system开架
 
look up查找
 
library card借书证
 
loan desk借书处
 
due到期
 
renew续借
 
overdue超期
 
pay the fine罚款
 
6) 邮电局
 
mail category 邮件种类
 
surface mail;regular平信
 
express letter 快信
 
mail邮件
 
registered letter挂号信
 
Express Mail Service(EMS)邮政特快专递
 
urgent letter急件
 
telegram电报
 
postcard明信片
 
package包裹
 
parcel form 包裹单
 
weight 重量
 
overweight超重
 
stamp邮票
 
postage邮资
 
money order邮政汇票
 
remittance汇款
 
remitter 汇款人
 
money order 汇票
 
make a phone call打电话
 
area code区域代号
 
local call市内电话
 
collect call对方付费电话
 
distance call/trunk call长途电话
 
operator总台,接线员
 
international airmail 国际航空邮件
 
insurance 保险(费)
 
declaration value 保价金额
 
postal code;zip code邮政编码
 
customs charge 验关费;报关费
 
printed matter 印刷品
 
sender 寄件人
 
receiver 收件人
 
receipt for mail 邮件收据
 
telegram 电报
 
to claim parcels 领包裹
 
postage 邮费
 
date and time of posting交寄日期时间
 
7) 商店
 
Can I help you?/What can I do for you? 能为您效劳吗?
 
receipt收款,收据
 
department store百货公司
 
Gentleman’s Department男子用品部
 
Lady’s Department妇女用品部
 
Sportswear Department体育用品部
 
elevator 电梯
 
supermarket超市
 
escalator电动扶梯
 
price tag标价签
 
trolley手推车
 
daily necessities 日用品
 
fashion式样,款式
 
texture(织物的)质地
 
out of style过时的
 
in fashion流行的
 
brand牌子,商标
 
sweater毛衣,运动衫
 
jeans牛仔裤
 
jacket夹克,护套
 
shop assistant售货员
 
cashier收银员
 
bargain讨价还价
 
8) 餐馆
 
waiter/waitress服务生
 
menu菜单
 
order点菜
 
main course主菜
 
dish菜
 
soup汤
 
soft drink软饮料
 
dessert甜点
 
salad沙拉
 
bill帐单
 
tip小费
 
go Dutch各付各的帐
 
9) 医院
 
registration office挂号处
 
registration fee挂号费
 
wards病房
 
operation room手术室
 
dentist牙医
 
doctor医生
 
physician内科医生
 
surgeon外科医生
 
in poor condition/shape(身体状况)不适
 
suffer from患?病
 
come down with害病,得病
 
lose appetite没胃口
 
fever发烧
 
flu(influenza)流感
 
get a temperature发烧
 
catch a cold着凉
 
sore throat喉咙痛
 
stomachache胃痛
 
splitting headache头痛欲裂
 
toothache牙痛
 
indigestion消化不良
 
dizzy眩晕的
 
feel one’s pulse把脉
 
diagnosis诊断
 
take a temperature量体温
 
write out a prescription/prescribe开处方
 
pills药丸
 
dose剂量,服用量
 
capsule胶囊
 
tablet药丸片剂
 
10) 银行
 
open an account开户
 
account number账号
 
passbook/folder银行存折
 
deposit money存款
 
withdraw/draw取款
 
interest利息
 
interest rate利率
 
exchange rate兑换率
 
deposit account/fixed account定期存款
 
savings account活期储蓄存款户头
 
currency货币
 
foreign currency外币
 
cash现金
 
check支票
 
credit card信用卡
 
bank clerk银行职员
 
overdraft 透支
 
balance 结余
 
finance 融通
 
endorse 背书
 
11) 机场
 
information booth 询问处
 
restricted articles 禁带物品
 
cabin door 机舱门
 
transit passenger 过境旅客
 
gate 登机门
 
connection 中转
 
first class 一等舱
 
difference in time 时差
 
economy class 经济舱
 
airsick 晕机
 
single ticket 单程票
 
buckle 扣住
 
return ticket 回程票
 
flight航班
 
direct flight直达航班
 
airline/airways航空公司
 
ticket office售票处
 
ticket agency机票代理商
 
book a ticket订票
 
baggage/luggage行李
 
boarding card/pass登机卡
 
boarding gate登机口
 
stewardess空姐
 
fasten the seatbelt系安全带
 
airsick晕机
 
first class头等舱
 
economy class经济舱
 
take off起飞
 
land着陆
 
departure time 离开时间
 
arrival time到达时间
 
passport护照
 
visa签证
 
go through the formalities办理手续
 
luggage check行李检查
 
12) 火车站
 
waiting-room候车室
 
information desk问讯处
 
platform 月台,站台
 
sleeping car卧铺车厢
 
one-way ticket 单程票
 
round-trip/return ticket双程票
 
13) 宾馆
 
front desk/reception desk前台;接待处
 
lounge 门厅,休息室
 
make a room reservation预定房间
 
book a room订房
 
single room with a bath带浴室的单人房
 
double rooms双人房
 
suite套房,套间
 
receptionist接待员
 
attendant侍者
 
check in 登记(住宿)
 
registration form 登记表
 
check out结账
 
pay in cash现金支付
 
pay by check支票支付
 
Hotel: reception, vacant beds, single room, double room, book a room, bath, lavatory, occupy a room, full, front desk, porter, tip
 
Library: borrow, lend, latest issue, card, catalogue, call number, due, over-due, fine, novel, renew, fiction, magazine, bookshelf
 
Meeting: for (支持), against (反对), proposal, report, speech, suggest, disagree, agree, decide, point out, argue, chairman, conclusion
 
Post office: mail, post, postage, stamp, parcel, telegram, urgent cable, airmail, registered letter, money order
 
Restaurant: reservation, bar, order, soft drink, dessert, salad, soup, menu, bread, potato, tomato, tablesalt, toast beef, meat, mutton, chicken, fry, pie, cake, I'm full, bill, waiter, waitress, go Dutch
 
Store: size, colour, style, price, cost, cheap, What can I do for you? How much does it cost? fashion, expensive, counter, department, check out, brand, fresh, cash, pay, shop girl, assistant
 
School: department, Bachelor's degree. Master's degree, Doctor's degree, Campus, lecture,dormitory, semester, term, playground, dining-hall, swimming-pool, courses, foreign language, gym, midterm exam, final exam, clinic, professor, assistant, lecturer, lab, test, required courses, selective courses, credit hour
 
Bank: draw on one's account(开户) , pay interest on ..., open an account, interest rate, Foreign Exchange Certificate, RMB, fixed deposit(定期存款) , current account(活期存款款帐户 ) , bank clerk
 
Barber's: haircut, hairstyle, hairdresser, shave, moustache, beard, spray, shampoo
 
The Customs House: pay duty on ?, duty free(免税) , free of charge, fill in the form
 
Dance: disco, fox-trot, dance with, have a ball, party, May I have the pleasure of next dance?
 
Hospital: pain, cough, fever, vomit, a headache, stomachache, temperature, heart, lung, blood-pressure, take medicine, pills, tablet

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